Volcanoes

Contenido de la presentación

1. Lámina 1 Volcanoes

   A cinematic journey into the engines that built our planet. · 1,500+ · Active volcanoes — at least one erupting every week · Of Earth's surface, above and below the sea, is volcanic in origin

2. Lámina 2 What Is a Volcano?

   Chapter 01 — The Opening · An opening in Earth's surface where molten rock, ash and gas escape from below the crust — a vent between the deep and the sky. · Magma is molten rock underground; once it breaks the surface, it becomes lava. · The word comes from Vulcan, the Roman god of fire. · Volcanoes destroy — and volcanoes create: they have built and reshaped the planet for billions of years. · Lava river, night ascent

3. Lámina 3 Born of Moving Plates

   Chapter 02 — The Engine Below · Earth's crust is broken into huge tectonic plates, drifting on the hot mantle beneath. Most volcanoes form where plates pull apart — or where one plate dives beneath another and melts. · Magma chambers — reservoirs of molten rock, miles underground · When pressure becomes too great, the mountain opens

4. Lámina 4 Anatomy of a Volcano

   Chapter 03 — The Machine · Volcanoes are mountains that build themselves, eruption after eruption.

5. Lámina 5 Three Shapes of Fire

   Chapter 04 — The Forms · Shield · Broad, gentle slopes of fluid lava. Hawaii's Mauna Loa is the largest volcano on Earth. · Stratovolcano · Tall, steep, layered cone of lava and ash. Built for violent eruptions: Fuji, Vesuvius, St. Helens. · Cinder Cone · Small, steep hill of loose fragments, often born in a single eruption. · The shape of a volcano tells you how it erupts

6. Lámina 6 How Violent? The VEI Scale

   Chapter 05 — Measuring the Blast · The Volcanic Explosivity Index rates eruptions from 0 to 8 by the volume of material thrown out — a logarithmic ladder from gentle fountains to global catastrophe. · Volcanic Explosivity Index · 0 to 8 · Krakatoa 1883 among the catastrophic

7. Lámina 7 The Ring of Fire

   Chapter 06 — Where They Gather · 1,500+ · Active volcanoes known on Earth · Of them ring the Pacific Ocean · The ring traces the edges of the Pacific plate, where ocean floor dives beneath its neighbors. · ALASKA · THE ANDES JAPAN · INDONESIA · PHILIPPINES

8. Lámina 8 When Mountains Explode

   Chapter 07 — Famous Eruptions · 79 AD · Vesuvius · Buried Pompeii in ash — the deadliest European eruption on record. · Krakatoa · Its blast was heard 4,800 km away; tsunamis killed tens of thousands. · Tambora VEI 7 · The largest in recorded history — 1816 became the “year without a summer.”

9. Lámina 9 Living with Volcanoes

   Chapter 08 — Danger and Gift · Volcanoes destroy and provide in the same breath — and people have always chosen to live on their slopes. · The Danger · Lava flows, ashfall, pyroclastic surges, mudflows and tsunamis — a single eruption can unleash them all. · The Gift · Volcanic soil is among the most fertile on Earth: farms crowd the very slopes that could erupt. Geothermal energy, hot springs and new land are volcanic gifts. · Scientists monitor earthquakes, gas and ground swelling to warn before an eruption — and save thousands of lives. · Fields on the flank — ash-rich soil, warm light, a smoking summit above

10. Lámina 10 The Planet Is Still Building

    ≥1 eruption somewhere on Earth, every week · Volcanoes made the air, the oceans, the ground · Closing · Volcanoes are not accidents of geography — they are the planet’s heartbeat. Fire from the deep: the story is still being written. · Volcanoes — Fire from the Deep

Fotos: Foto: ArtHouse Studio · Pexels; Foto: Daniel Torobekov · Pexels; Foto: Gylfi Gylfason · Pexels; Foto: James Lee · Pexels